The Treaty of Versailles (ended WWI)

WW1 ended as a resut of the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles affected Germany a lot. The rules were very harsh on Germany. Germany had to pay all damaged of WW1. Because of this, it made Germany have a bad economy. Another rule was that Germany had to reduce its military power by a lot. They couldn't have more than 100,000 men in the military. They also banned the use of heavy artilery, tanks, or any other type of machines used for war. This made Germany embarrased and insecre about their military. While Germany was under the Treaty of Versailles, the Great Depression came to the nation of Germany. America was helping Germany by paying for some the reparations, but America's economy was also in a not so good shape. So this cause Germany's economy suffering. The Treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for everything that happened and was damaged in the war. The people of Germany wanted a leader who would bring Germany back into that shape. The leader was Adolf Hitler. Hitlers words impressed the people of Germany. He explained why Germany had lost the word, and becuase of this Hitler was able to gain support and power. He blamed the Jews that Germany lost the war. Eventaully, Hitler became the dictator of Germany and started World War II.

Mustafa Kemal (Ataturk) and the Modernization of Turkey.

Mustafa Kemal made secular changes to the country of Turkey. (Secular means having objects that are not religious in any kind). Mustafa Kemal was a very famous young man who led his people to victory and independence. Mustafa found the Turkish Republic and became the first president. Before he was president, he was a military hero. Then he decided to lead his nation to liberation and independence. Mustafa was a powerful leader, He put an end to the power of the Ottoman empire, and he was president of his nation for 15 years.

Mustafa's main goal for Turkey, was to modernize his nation. He didn't want his people to follow the same old ways of the other surrounding lands. One of the most important fairly thing he did was letting people practice their religion. For example, he let Christians and Jews practice their faith as much as they wanted. Mustafa treated his people equally. Even peasants were considered important. Even the style and fashion became different. He made the Turkish men wear hats instead of the fez. Men also wore clothes like the Westerners (suit, tie, pants, and shoes). He also made women stop wearing a veil that covers the face. When it came to voting, he let and gave women the rights to vote. As you can see, during the year of 1923, Turkey got its independence and it became a modernize nation.

Film Lesson " Gandhi "

Gandhi was a most important person for the Indian nation. It was Gandhi who helped India get its own independence from Great Britain.
Some of the ways he used was to oppose the British rule. Gandhi was fighting with non-violence. Gandhi protested in a peaceful way, and with his followers right behind him. Another thing Gandhi did was make his own supplies. Gandhi said to his Indian people that all of them would make their own clothes for now on. Gandhi and his follwers would even walk a lot of miles to collect their own salt by the ocean. Gandhi was a peacemaker. He decided not to "fight back" at the British with violence. All of his protest and fighting were in peace. If any of his followers ended up using violence, Gandhi would fast. His followers were afraid that he would die by fasting, so they stopped the violence on their own. Non-violence worked very well against the British. If the British attacked them while they did their peaceful protests, it would make the British look bad and the Indians look good.